Guide

Charging for travel: zone fee, per-mile rate, cutoff

Most owner-operators either charge nothing for travel or use the IRS mileage rate, and both are wrong. Here's the real cost per mile and a three-zone pricing structure you can put on your website today.

The mileage rate doesn't pay for you

The IRS mileage rate (around $0.70/mile for 2025) is a tax deduction figure. It's built to cover fuel, depreciation, insurance, tyres and maintenance — the cost of running the vehicle. It says nothing about the cost of you sitting in it instead of being on a paying job.

If you quote travel at $0.70/mile, you're charging for the van and giving your own time away free. For a service business, your time is the expensive part, not the diesel.

The real cost of a mile: two components, not one

Every mile you drive costs you two things:

The formula:

True cost per mile = mileage rate + (loaded hourly rate ÷ average speed)

Worked example: $95/hour, 35 mph

Say your loaded hourly rate is $95 (covers wages, overhead, profit margin — not just what you pay yourself) and your average speed on the roads you actually drive, including lights and turns, is 35 mph.

ComponentCalculationCost per mile
Vehicle (IRS-style rate)flat rate$0.70
Time$95 ÷ 35 mph$2.71
True cost per mile$0.70 + $2.71$3.41

That's roughly five times the IRS figure. And that's one-way. A job 20 miles out is a 40-mile round trip, so the unpriced cost is 40 × $3.41 = $136 before you've turned a screwdriver. Charge $0.70/mile for that and you've billed $28, leaving $108 of your own time and margin unrecovered on that trip alone.

How this wrecks a good-looking job

Take a job that would normally run at a healthy 40% margin close to base: $600 revenue, $360 cost, $240 profit. Now put it 45 minutes each away by road, unpriced.

Fold that into the same $600 job and your real cost is $360 + $174 = $534. Profit drops from $240 to $66 — margin falls from 40% down to about 15% on paper before you've even accounted for the wasted capacity (that 90 minutes you weren't earning could have been a second call closer to home). Run the numbers on any specific job through the job profitability calculator before you commit to a quote — it'll show you this drop instantly.

A structure you can actually publish

Customers don't want a mileage calculation on the phone. They want a number. Three zones does the job for most trades:

ZoneDistance from baseWhat you charge
Zone 10–15 milesFree — built into your standard rate
Zone 216–30 milesFlat travel fee, $45–$95
Zone 330+ milesQuoted per job, minimum job value applies

Why these bands work:

Setting your own numbers

Don't copy the example figures. Plug in your own:

  1. Get your loaded hourly rate from the hourly rate calculator.
  2. Time a few real jobs to get your honest average speed, including all the lights and turns, not the highway speed limit.
  3. Run the formula: mileage rate + (hourly rate ÷ average speed).
  4. Multiply by round-trip distance for your typical Zone 2 job to get your flat fee.
  5. Set Zone 3 minimum job value so a long trip can never dip below your break-even.

The better long-term fix: route density

Pricing travel properly protects margin on individual jobs, but the real fix is not driving as far in the first place. If a big share of your work is coming from 20+ miles out, you're paying the time cost of travel whether you charge for it or not — every mile is a mile you're not doing a second job.

Batch far-out jobs on the same day of the week. Offer a small discount to customers who can flex their booking to fit your route. Or simply stop marketing in zones that consistently need Zone 3 pricing to be worth it — if nobody there will pay it, that's useful information, not a problem to solve with a bigger discount.

What to tell customers

Keep it simple on the phone or the website: "Jobs within 15 miles have no travel charge. Beyond that we add a $45–$95 travel fee depending on distance, and for jobs over 30 miles we'll give you a specific quote including travel." That's honest, it's quick to say, and it stops you subsidising strangers' postcodes out of your own pocket.

Put this into practice

The Small Business Operations Kit ($19) turns guides like this one into fill-in-once worksheets: rate card, quoting sheet, job costing, payment terms and follow-up templates. Built by the same people who write these guides.